isangoma (Traditional Healer): incazelo yephupho ngokwamasiko (amaZulu, amaXhosa, amaSotho)

Amagama

• IsiNgisi: Traditional Healer
• isiZulu: isangoma ^[9]
• isiXhosa: igqirha ^[10]
• isiSuthu: ngaka ^[11]

Uhlolojikelele

Cishe bonke ubufakazi obushicilelwe mayelana nokuphupha umelaphi wendabuko buvela ezindabeni ezimayelana nobizo: ubizo noma intwaso ngokwesiko lamaNguni, kanye no-ho thwasa ngesiSesotho. Izangoma ezingamaXhosa zithi kungcono oqalayo ukuphupha isangoma esizomthwasisa, futhi zibheka iphupho elinjalo njengelinenhlanhla ngoba libonisa intando yezinyanya. Abelaphi abangamaZulu, amaXhosa namaBasotho bachaza ukuthi bakhonjiswa ugobela (uthisha) wabo noma indlela eya emzini wakhe ephusheni. Abanye bachaza amaphupho aphindaphindayo abelaphi becula, beshaya izigubhu futhi bedansa ngasemfuleni njengesiqalo sobizo lwabo. Imithombo eshicilelwe ayisho okuningi ngamanye amaphupho ahlobene nabelaphi, njengokuhlanzwa isangoma noma ukubona isangoma esimomothekayo, ngakho leli khasi aliwachazi.

Ingqikithi: Izinyanga, amasiko nokuvikela

isiZulu

isangoma

Izangoma ezingamaZulu zichaza amaphupho abelaphi njengokuqala kokuthwasa. Eziningana zathi ubizo lwazo lwaqala ngamaphupho aphindaphindayo ezangoma zicula, zishaya izigubhu futhi zidansa ngasemfuleni. Esinye isangoma saphupha abelaphi bedansa sase sikhonjiswa indawo okufanele siyoqeqeshwa kuyo. Abelaphi bathi izangoma eziningi zikhonjiswa ugobela (uthisha) wazo emaphusheni, kanti izifundo zezengqondo zibala amaphupho ngezinyanga nezingubo zazo phakathi kwezimpawu zobizo oluvela kokhokho. ^{[3] [4] [8] [7]}

isiXhosa

igqirha

Izangoma ezingamaXhosa zikholelwa ukuthi oqalayo kufanele, uma kungenzeka, aphuphe isangoma esizomthwasisa. Iphupho elinjalo libhekwa njengelinenhlanhla ngokukhethekile (ukulunga) ngoba libonisa intando yezinyanya. Ezindabeni zokuphila eziqoshiwe, owesifazane owayethwasa waphupha inyanga okwakufanele imqeqeshe, futhi ephusheni wakhonjiswa umuzi wayo. ^{[1] [2]}

isiSuthu

Ngokwendlela yokucabanga yesiSesotho, ukuthwasa kuvame ukwambulwa ngamaphupho: oqalayo uphupha ngokwelapha noma ngenyanga eqeqeshiwe okufanele imqondise. Umelaphi ongumMosotho waseLesotho wachaza ukuthi wathola isangoma kwelinye iphupho, kwelinye wafunda ukuthi lo muntu kufanele abe uthisha wakhe. ^{[5] [6]}

Imibuzo evamile

Kusho ukuthini ukuphupha isangoma?

Emithonjeni yesiZulu, yesiXhosa neyamaSotho, ukuphupha isangoma noma inyanga kuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nezinyanya kanye nobizo olungase lube khona lokwelapha. Abantu abaqeqeshwayo bavame ukuphupha inyanga okufanele ibafundise. Izangoma ezingamaXhosa zibheka lelo phupho njengelinenhlanhla ngokukhethekile. ^{[1] [2] [8]}

Ingabe ukuphupha isangoma kusho ukuthi nginobizo?

Kungaba uphawu. Amaphupho ngezinyanga nezingubo zazo abalwa phakathi kwezimpawu zobizo oluvela kokhokho, futhi izangoma eziningana zathi ubizo lwazo lwaqala ngamaphupho aphindaphindayo abelaphi. Ngokuvamile ubizo luqinisekiswa ngumelaphi onolwazi, hhayi iphupho elilodwa lodwa. ^{[7] [3] [5]}

Kusho ukuthini ukuphupha izangoma zidansa noma zishaya izigubhu ngasemfuleni?

Izangoma ezingamaZulu ezaxoxwa nazo eThekwini zachaza amaphupho aphindaphindayo ezangoma zicula, zishaya izigubhu futhi zidansa ngasemfuleni njengesiqalo sobizo lwazo. Imifula ihlotshaniswa nezinyanya, ngakho amaphupho anjalo achazwa njengokuxhumana nezinyanya. ^{[3] [4]}

Iphupho lingangikhombisa yini ukuthi ubani okufanele abe uthisha wami wesangoma?

Yebo. Lesi ngesinye sezindikimba eziphindaphindeka kakhulu emithonjeni. Abelaphi bathi izangoma eziningi zikhonjiswa ugobela wazo emaphusheni, abasafunda abangamaXhosa baphupha isangoma esizobathwasisa, kanti umelaphi ongumMosotho wafunda ephusheni ukuthi ubani okufanele abe uthisha wakhe. ^{[8] [2] [6] [1]}

Indlela yokucabanga ngaleli phupho

Bhala ukuthi ubani noma yini oyibonile, lokho ekwenzile nokuthi iphupho likwenze wazizwa kanjani. Iphupho elilodwa liyisiqalo sokuzindla, alisona isiprofetho, ukuxilongwa kwesifo noma isinqumo mayelana nobizo. Gcina imininingwane ku-ithuluzi lokuzindla ngephupho ngaphambi kokuba uyikhohlwe.

Izimpawu ezihlobene

Okuvamile

• Ancestors
• Snake

Ingqikithi efanayo

• Ancestral Calling
• Impepho
• Throwing the Bones
• Muthi
• Cleansing Ritual

Joyina umphakathi

Joyina umphakathi ukuze nixoxe ngokuthi iphupho elifana naleli lichazwa kanjani emndenini wakini.

Imithombo

Le misebenzi eshicilelwe iyimithombo yezincazelo ezikuleli khasi.

Akukho ndima ecashuniwe kuleli khasi.

1. Hirst, Manton (2005). Dreams and Medicines: The Perspective of Xhosa Diviners and Novices in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. Indo-Pacific Journal of Phenomenology 5(2):1-22. I-DOI: 10.1080/20797222.2005.11433901. printed page 11 (PDF page 12).
2. Beauty Ntombizanele Booi (2004). Three perspectives on ukuthwasa: The view from traditional beliefs, Western Psychiatry and Transpersonal Psychology. Rhodes University, Faculty of Humanities, Department of Psychology. PDF page 59.
3. Gerda Jeanette Hooghordel (2021). Reeds in the wind of change: Zulu sangomas in transition. Leiden University, African Studies Centre Leiden (PhD). PDF page 95.
4. Nompumelelo Prudence Kubeka (2016). The psychological perspective on Zulu ancestral calling: a phenomenological study. University of Pretoria (MA Clinical Psychology mini-dissertation). PDF page 67.
5. Fezekile Futhwa (2012). Setho: Afrikan Thought & Belief System. Nalane ka Fezekile Futhwa. PDF page 132.
6. Agnieszka Podolecka. Spiritual healers in the Basotho society: An overview of "traditional" beliefs in Christianised Lesotho. PDF page 14.
7. MABOTJA, I (2023). Ancestral calling and its role on psychological well-being amongst the Pedi tribe in the Polokwane Local Municipality in the Limpopo Province, South Africa. Nelson Mandela University. PDF page 23.
8. Mkhulu Mngomezulu. Call Me By My Name: Ubizo and Ancestral Names for Abangoma. HERRI (online journal), issue 7. section 4.
9. Sobiecki, Jean-Francois (2014). The intersection of culture and science in South African traditional medicine. Indo-Pacific Journal of Phenomenology vol.14 n.1 (SciELO SA). I-DOI: 10.2989/ipjp.2014.14.1.6.1238. Section 'Imphepho: African incense of the ancestors'.
10. Edwards, David J. A.; Hirst, Manton; Booi, Beauty N. (2014). Interpretative Reflections on Nomzi's Story. Indo-Pacific Journal of Phenomenology 14(2). I-DOI: 10.2989/ipjp.2014.14.2.4.1243. printed page 1 (PDF page 1).
11. Mensele, M. S. (2011). A study of rituals performed at two sacred sites in the Eastern Free State by [Basotho]. University of the Free State (KovsieScholar). PDF page 8.

Indlela esenza ngayo ucwaningo