isangoma (Traditional Healer): tlhaloso ya toro moetlong wa Mazulu, Maxhosa le Basotho

Mabitso

• Senyesemane: Traditional Healer
• isiZulu: isangoma ^[9]
• isiXhosa: igqirha ^[10]
• Sesotho: ngaka ^[11]

Kakaretso

Bopaki bo batlileng bohle bo phatlaladitsweng mabapi le ho lora ka ngaka bo tswa ditlalehong tsa pitso: ubizo kapa intwaso moetlong wa maNguni le ho thwasa Sesothong. Dingaka tsa Maxhosa di re ho molemo hore ya qalang a lore ka ngaka e tla mo thwasisa, mme di nka toro e jwalo e le pontsho e ntle haholo hobane e bontsha thato ya badimo. Dingaka tsa Mazulu, Maxhosa le Basotho di hlalosa hore di ile tsa bontshwa titjhere ya tsona (gobela) kapa tsela e yang ha titjhere eo torong. Ba bang ba hlalosa ditoro tse iphetang tsa dingaka di bina, di letsa meropa le ho tantsha pela noka e le qalo ya pitso ya bona. Mehlodi e phatlaladitsweng ha e bue hakaalo ka ditoro tse ding tsa ngaka, jwalo ka ho hlwekiswa ke sangoma kapa ho lora ka sangoma e bososelang, kahoo leqephe lena ha le di hlalose.

Sehlooho: Dingaka, meetlo le tshireletso

isiZulu

isangoma

Masangoma a Mazulu a hlalosa ditoro tsa dingaka e le qalo ya ukuthwasa. Ba seng bakae ba itse pitso ya bona e qadile ka ditoro tse iphetang tsa masangoma a bina, a letsa meropa le ho tantsha pela noka. E mong o ile a lora dingaka di tantsha, mme a bontshwa moo a lokelang ho ya kwetliswa teng. Dingaka di re masangoma a mangata a bontshwa gobela (titjhere) ya ona ditorong, mme dithuto tsa kelello di thathamisa ditoro tsa dingaka tsa meetlo le diaparo tsa tsona hara matshwao a pitso e tswang ho badimo. ^{[3] [4] [8] [7]}

isiXhosa

igqirha

Dingaka tsa Maxhosa di dumela hore ya qalang o lokela ho lora ka ngaka e tla mo thwasisa. Toro e jwalo e nkuwa e le pontsho e ntle haholo (ukulunga) hobane e bontsha thato ya badimo. Dipehelong tsa bophelo tse tlalehilweng, mosadi ya neng a le intwaso o ile a lora ngaka e neng e lokela ho mo kwetlisa, mme torong a bontshwa tsela e yang ha ngaka eo. ^{[1] [2]}

Sesotho

Mokgweng wa monahano wa Sesotho, ho thwasa hangata ho senolwa ka ditoro: ya qalang o lora ka ho fodisa kapa ka ngaka e tshwanelehang e lokelang ho mo okamela. Ngaka ya Mosotho ya Lesotho e hlalositse hore torong e le nngwe e ile ya fumana sangoma, mme torong e nngwe ya ithuta hore motho eo o lokela ho ba titjhere ya yona. ^{[5] [6]}

Dipotso tse tlwaelehileng

Ho bolela eng ho lora ka sangoma?

Mehloding ya Mazulu, Maxhosa le Basotho, ho lora ka sangoma kapa ngaka ya meetlo hangata ho amahanngwa le badimo le pitso e ka bang teng ya ho fodisa. Hangata batho ba kwetliswang ba lora ka ngaka e lokelang ho ba ruta. Dingaka tsa Maxhosa di nka toro eo e le pontsho e ntle haholo. ^{[1] [2] [8]}

Na ho lora ka sangoma ho bolela hore ke na le pitso?

E ka ba pontsho. Ditoro tsa dingaka tsa meetlo le diaparo tsa tsona di thathamisitswe hara matshwao a pitso e tswang ho badimo, mme masangoma a seng bakae a itse pitso ya bona e qadile ka ditoro tse iphetang tsa dingaka. Hangata ngaka e nang le boiphihlelo ke yona e tiisang pitso, eseng toro e le nngwe feela. ^{[7] [3] [5]}

Ho bolela eng ho lora masangoma a tantsha kapa a letsa meropa pela noka?

Masangoma a Mazulu a ileng a botsollwa Durban a hlalositse ditoro tse iphetang tsa masangoma a bina, a letsa meropa le ho tantsha pela noka e le qalo ya pitso ya ona. Dinoka di amahanngwa le badimo, kahoo ditoro tse jwalo di hlaloswa e le kamano le badimo. ^{[3] [4]}

Na toro e ka mpontsha hore titjhere ya ka ya sangoma e lokela ho ba mang?

E. Ena ke e nngwe ya dintlha tse hlahang kgafetsa mehloding. Dingaka di re masangoma a mangata a bontshwa gobela ya ona ditorong, ba qalang ba Maxhosa ba lora ka ngaka e tla ba thwasisa, mme ngaka ya Mosotho e ile ya ithuta torong hore titjhere ya yona e lokela ho ba mang. ^{[8] [2] [6] [1]}

Mokgwa wa ho nahana ka toro ena

Ngola hore na o bone mang kapa eng, seo a se entseng, le kamoo toro e ileng ya o ama kateng. Toro e le nngwe ke qalo ya ho nahana, eseng polelelopele, tlhahlobo ya bokudi kapa qeto mabapi le pitso. Boloka dintlha ho sesebediswa sa ho nahana ka toro pele di ka o tswa mohopolong.

Matshwao a amanang

Ka kakaretso

• Ancestors
• Snake

Sehlooho se tshwanang

• Ancestral Calling
• Impepho
• Throwing the Bones
• Muthi
• Cleansing Ritual

Eba setho sa setjhaba

Eba setho sa setjhaba ho bua ka kamoo toro e tshwanang le ena e hlaloswang ka teng lelapeng la heno.

Mehlodi

Dibuka tsena tse phatlaladitsweng ke mehlodi ya ditlhaloso tse leqepheng lena.

Ha ho temana e qotsitsweng leqepheng lena.

1. Hirst, Manton (2005). Dreams and Medicines: The Perspective of Xhosa Diviners and Novices in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. Indo-Pacific Journal of Phenomenology 5(2):1-22. DOI: 10.1080/20797222.2005.11433901. printed page 11 (PDF page 12).
2. Beauty Ntombizanele Booi (2004). Three perspectives on ukuthwasa: The view from traditional beliefs, Western Psychiatry and Transpersonal Psychology. Rhodes University, Faculty of Humanities, Department of Psychology. PDF page 59.
3. Gerda Jeanette Hooghordel (2021). Reeds in the wind of change: Zulu sangomas in transition. Leiden University, African Studies Centre Leiden (PhD). PDF page 95.
4. Nompumelelo Prudence Kubeka (2016). The psychological perspective on Zulu ancestral calling: a phenomenological study. University of Pretoria (MA Clinical Psychology mini-dissertation). PDF page 67.
5. Fezekile Futhwa (2012). Setho: Afrikan Thought & Belief System. Nalane ka Fezekile Futhwa. PDF page 132.
6. Agnieszka Podolecka. Spiritual healers in the Basotho society: An overview of "traditional" beliefs in Christianised Lesotho. PDF page 14.
7. MABOTJA, I (2023). Ancestral calling and its role on psychological well-being amongst the Pedi tribe in the Polokwane Local Municipality in the Limpopo Province, South Africa. Nelson Mandela University. PDF page 23.
8. Mkhulu Mngomezulu. Call Me By My Name: Ubizo and Ancestral Names for Abangoma. HERRI (online journal), issue 7. section 4.
9. Sobiecki, Jean-Francois (2014). The intersection of culture and science in South African traditional medicine. Indo-Pacific Journal of Phenomenology vol.14 n.1 (SciELO SA). DOI: 10.2989/ipjp.2014.14.1.6.1238. Section 'Imphepho: African incense of the ancestors'.
10. Edwards, David J. A.; Hirst, Manton; Booi, Beauty N. (2014). Interpretative Reflections on Nomzi's Story. Indo-Pacific Journal of Phenomenology 14(2). DOI: 10.2989/ipjp.2014.14.2.4.1243. printed page 1 (PDF page 1).
11. Mensele, M. S. (2011). A study of rituals performed at two sacred sites in the Eastern Free State by [Basotho]. University of the Free State (KovsieScholar). PDF page 8.

Mokgwa wa rona wa dipatlisiso