inyoka (Snake): intsingiselo yephupha ngokwezithethe (amaZulu, amaXhosa, amaSotho)

Amagama

• IsiNgesi: Snake
• isiZulu: inyoka ^[9]
• isiXhosa: inyoka ^[10]
• Sesotho: noha, isininzi dinoha ^[11]

Amagqabantshintshi

Iingxelo ezipapashiweyo ezivela kuluntu lwamaZulu, amaXhosa namaSotho ziyavumelana ngelithi iinyoka zinxulumene ngokusondeleyo nezinyanya. Abantu abangamaZulu ekwenziwe udliwano-ndlebe nabo ngeminyaka yoo-1860 bathi umoya wesinyanya (itongo) uyinyoka, nokuba abangasekhoyo bakwazisa oku emaphupheni. Izifundo zamva ngeezangoma zichaza ukuphupha iinyoka njengento ephantse yenzeke kuye wonke umntu ngexesha lokuthwasa, ngamanye amaxesha kubekho imiyalelo yokubamba inyoka, ngokufuthi emanzini. Ngokunjalo, ngokwesithethe samaSotho, badimo basenokubonakala njengeenyoka ezizisa ithamsanqa nokhuseleko. Amagqirha asahlula inyoka elungileyo yesinyanya kuleyo iyingozi: elinye lagqiba ekubeni inyoka ekhanyayo yimamlambo, hayi umyalezo ovela kwizinyanya, kwaye iinyoka ezaziginya iinkomo zosapho zazihamba nesigulo esiqatha. Imeko, indlela umntu aziva ngayo nokuphindaphinda kwephupha zizinto ezigqiba indlela elitolikwa ngayo.

Umxholo: Izilwanyana emaphupheni

isiZulu

inyoka

Imithombo yamaZulu iyijonga inyoka njengendlela izinyanya ezibonakala ngayo (amadlozi/amathongo). Abantu ekwenziwe udliwano-ndlebe nabo baxelela uCallaway ukuba abangasekhoyo batyhila emaphupheni ukuba bayinyoka, kwaye uphando lwasentsimini lwamva luchaza inhlwathi okanye inyoka njengezinyanya ezityelelayo emaphupheni okanye ngokwenene. Kubantu ababizelwa ekubeni ngamagqirha, ukuphupha iinyoka kuxhaphakile kuwo onke amanqanaba okuthwasa; ezinye izangoma zaxelelwa emaphupheni ukuba zibambe iinyoka, zaza zazibamba emanzini. ^{[2] [5] [6] [8] [4]}

isiXhosa

inyoka

Phakathi kwamagqirha athetha isiXhosa, umbuzo obalulekileyo ngowokuba inyoka ivela kwizinyanya kusini na. Kwenye ingcaciso eyabhalwayo, kwagqitywa ekubeni inyoka ekhanyayo imbi, yimamlambo kunokuba ibe ngumyalezo osisinyanya, kwaye uloyiko lomphuphi lwathathwa njengophawu lokuba ayiveli kwizinyanya. Uphononongo lukaMlisa ngamagqirha lukwakhankanya inyoka ekhuselayo yakwaMajola, nokuba kwenye indawo kulo mmandla, ukuphupha iinyoka kuthetha ukubona izinyanya zomntu. ^{[3] [1]}

Sesotho

noha

Kwinkolo yesithethe yamaSotho, badimo (izinyanya) basenokubonakala bemile njengenyoka. Inyoka enjalo ayibulawa, kukholelwa ukuba izisa ithamsanqa, kwaye iza kukhusela usapho. Isithethe saseLesotho sikwagxile kwiNyoka yaManzi, noha ea metsi. Le mithombo ichaza iinkolelo ngeenyoka ngokubanzi kunokuba ichaze iingxelo zamaphupha, ngoko ke ukutolika iphupha kuthatyathwe kwezo nkolelo. ^{[7] [12]}

Imibuzo eqhelekileyo

Kuthetha ukuthini ukuphupha inyoka ngokwenkcubeko yaseAfrika?

Kwisithethe samaZulu, samaXhosa nesamaSotho, inyoka ephupheni ubukhulu becala iqondwa njengesinyanya (idlozi, itongo okanye badimo) esizama ukunxibelelana nomntu. Amagqirha achaza ukuba ukuphupha iinyoka kuxhaphake ngakumbi xa umntu ebizelwa ekubeni ligqirha lokuvumisa. Amagqirha asajonga ukuba inyoka ibivakala ngathi yeyesinyanya okanye iyoyikisa na ngaphambi kokuba agqibe ngentsingiselo yephupha. ^{[1] [2] [7] [8]}

Ngaba inyoka ephupheni sisinyanya okanye sisilumkiso?

Inokuba yenye yezi zinto. Imithombo emininzi ijonga inyoka njengesinyanya esityelelayo, kodwa elinye igqirha latolika inyoka ekhanyayo njengemamlambo, inyoka eyingozi engathunyelwanga zizinyanya, laza lathi iphupha elivela kwizinyanya ngelelingazange limoyikise umphuphi. Elinye igqirha lakhumbula iinyoka zisitya iinkomo zikayise ngexesha lesigulo esiqatha esakhokelela ekubizweni kwalo. ^{[3] [4] [5]}

Ithetha ukuthini inyoka ekufutshane namanzi ephupheni?

Amanzi anxulunyaniswa ngokusondeleyo nezinyanya nangokuqaliswa ekubeni ligqirha. Izangoma zamaZulu zathi zaphupha izinyanya zizixelela ukuba zibambe iinyoka, zaza zazibamba emanzini. Uphando ngeendawo zamanzi ezingcwele luchaza inhlwathi okanye inyoka njengezinyanya ezityelelayo emaphupheni, ngokufuthi ngenjongo yokutsalela umntu ekuphiliseni. ^{[6] [5]}

Ngaba ukuphupha iinyoka kuthetha ukuba ndinobizo?

Akunjalo kukodwa, kodwa ukuphupha iinyoka ngokuphindaphindiweyo lolunye lweempawu zobizo lokuba sisangoma ezibhalwe ngobungqina obuninzi. Izifundo ngamagqirha amaZulu zithi ukuphupha iinyoka kuxhaphakile kuwo onke amanqanaba okuthwasa. Iintsapho zidla ngokubonisana negqirha elinamava ukuze liqinisekise ubizo, kunokuba zithembele kwiphupha elinye. ^{[8] [6] [1]}

Indlela yokucingisisa ngeli phupha

Bhala phantsi ukuba ubone bani okanye ntoni, ukuba benze ntoni, nendlela elivakale ngayo iphupha. Iphupha elinye sisiqalo sokucingisisa, asiloxela ikamva, asiloxilongo, yaye alisosigqibo malunga nobizo. Gcina iinkcukacha kwi-isixhobo sokucingisisa ngephupha ngaphambi kokuba uzilibale.

Iimpawu ezinxulumene neli

Ngokubanzi

• Water
• Ancestors

Umxholo ofanayo

• Crocodile
• Lion
• Cattle
• Dog
• Chameleon

Joyina uluntu

Joyina uluntu ukuze uthethe ngendlela iphupha elifana neli elitolikwa ngayo kusapho lwakho.

Imithombo

Le misebenzi ipapashiweyo yimithombo yeenkcazelo ezikweli phepha.

Akukho sicatshulwa kweli phepha.

1. Mlisa, Lily-Rose Nomfundo (2009). Ukuthwasa initiation of amagqirha: identity construction and the training of Xhosa women as traditional healers. University of the Free State (PhD thesis, Centre for Africa Studies). PDF page 277.
2. Henry Callaway (1868). The Religious System of the Amazulu ... in Their Own Words (with a translation into English, and notes). Trübner and Co. (digitised by Google from University of Michigan). Part II Amatongo, section 'Dreams, etc.', approx. pp. 236-238 (dreaming of death/burial of the sick; dream of a house full of dead men); also approx. p. 135 (dreaming of a dead man).
3. Robert David Schweitzer (1983). A phenomenological explication of dream interpretation among rural and urban Nguni people. Rhodes University, Faculty of Humanities, Department of Psychology (Doctor of Philosophy thesis). PDF page 280.
4. Axel-Ivar Berglund (1972). Zulu thought-patterns and symbolism (PhD thesis, University of Cape Town). University of Cape Town (OpenUCT). PDF page 227.
5. Penny Bernard (2001). Sacred Water Sites and Indigenous Healers in Southern Africa: The Need to Protect Knowledge, Nature and Resource Rights (Indigenous Knowledge Conference 2001). Indigenous Knowledge Conference 2001 (hosted at University of Saskatchewan iportal). PDF page 8.
6. Mfusi, Kingsford Sikhumbuzo (1984). The role of dreams for Zulu indigenous practitioners (MA dissertation). University of Zululand. PDF page 73.
7. Tinyiko Maluleke (per Academia listing; unverified). A critical comparison of the concepts of Modimo (God) in Sotho traditional religion and the concepts of the Christian God as a missiological problem. PDF page 286.
8. Joel Mort (2003). From Snakes to Meaning: Interpretation and Explanation of Traditional Sub-Saharan African Religious Ethnographic Data (MA thesis). Western Michigan University, ScholarWorks at WMU (Master's Theses 1436). PDF page 33.
9. Charles Roberts (1900). A Zulu manual, or vade-mecum, being a companion volume to "The Zulu-Kafir language," and the "English-Zulu dictionary,". London : K. Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co. Ltd. section 74.
10. T. S. Simelane; G. I. H. Kerley (1997). Recognition of reptiles by Xhosa and Zulu communities in South Africa, with notes on traditional beliefs and uses. ResearchGate listing. I-DOI: 10.1080/21564574.1997.9649975. section 8.
11. sesotho.org (Bukantswe dictionary). Sesotho dictionary - Bukantswe (letter N). sesotho.org. entries nale e nang le dikokwanhloko; nale ya tlhabo.
12. Rakotsoane, Francis Lobiane Clement (1996). Religion of the Ancient Basotho with Special Reference to 'Water Snake'. University of Cape Town (MSocSc dissertation, OpenUCT). PDF page 11.

Indlela esiphanda ngayo